Biscuits are a very popular snack in modern life, easy to carry and good taste, can be said to be suitable for all ages. The following five different types of cookies were introduced at the Shanghai Food Expo.

Soda cracker

Soda crackers are mainly made of wheat flour, soda powder, vegetable oil, yeast as raw materials, the yeast is first added to a part of wheat flour, adjusted into dough, let it slowly fermentation, and then add the rest of the wheat flour, after a short period of fermentation.

Characteristics: soda crackers added alkaline soda powder, alkaline ingredients can neutralize stomach acid, and after the fermentation process is better digestion, often recommended to patients with stomach diseases, but the practical significance of this is not too great.

Cookies

The name "cookie" comes from the translation of the English cookie. Common cookies are made of low gluten flour, with white sugar, egg, butter, salt, milk powder and so on. Generally, the softened butter is first added with granulated sugar, then start to beat and add the egg mixture several times to continue to beat, then add the low gluten flour and milk powder.

Features: Cookies taste dense, eat sweet and fragrant, this is because it is high in sugar and oil content.

Wafer biscuit

wafer is the transliteration of wafer (thin cake), the main material of this kind of biscuit is glutinous rice powder, starch, etc., need to add emulsifier, leavening agent as auxiliary materials, the production technology requirements are relatively high, which the modulation of filling filling is also a formula.

Features: Wafers have low density, loose structure, crisp and crunchy to eat, and there is no feeling of fullness when you eat more.

Graham cracker

As can be seen from the name, the biggest feature of this type of biscuit is the use of whole wheat flour, which is simple to make, only the common fermentation and baking process is required.

Features: Graham crackers are rich in fiber and satiating, but the taste is relatively poor.

Compressed biscuit

The main raw materials of compressed biscuits are wheat flour, fat and dairy products, which will also add peanuts and other dried fruits. Some compressed cookies are made of raw materials baked, dried and then molded, and some are made of ready-made cookies crushed into particles and powder, and then mechanically compressed after adding ingredients.

Compressed cookies can provide more heat in a small volume.

Features: not easy to absorb water, hard, high heat, dense texture, anti-hunger, suitable for long-term storage and transportation.

Nutritional characteristics of biscuits

High fat content

Cookies want to be more crisp, the most common way is to use animal oil, palm oil, hydrogenated vegetable oil and other saturated fatty acid ratio of fat, the common cookie fat content is about 20%. Some cookies with nuts, dried fruits and other ingredients can be controlled at 10% to 20% fat, but often add a certain amount of sugar.

Saccharose

There is often sugar in the raw materials of cookies, and there is a lot of sugar. High sugar intake has been found to increase the risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease.

Saline

Salt is the most commonly used ingredient in the bakery. It can change the properties of the proteins in the noodles, such as making the gluten expand without breaking, increasing its stability, and the dose of salt can also affect the yeast fermentation, which can be overfermented without salt and can become acidic in addition to the morphology change.

Salt also plays a role in regulating flavor, for example, the saltiness of salt and the sweetness of sugar can also be blended with each other. Even salt can have a certain osmotic pressure, inhibiting the growth of bacteria. The reason you don't feel it when you eat it is because the salt has been masked by the aroma of baking, more sweetness (this also happens with bread and even processed cereals).

The advantage of cookies is that, as an extra meal, it is suitable for various scenarios, can quickly and easily meet the energy needs, and is also suitable for the elderly.

If you would like to learn more about the food industry, please visit the SIAL Shanghai website for more information.

Source: Nutritionist Gu Zhongyi

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